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Pug

The Pug is a small breed of dog with a wrinkly, short muzzled face . The word "pug" may have come from the Old English pugg or "puge", which were affectionate terms for a playful little devil or monkey.Pug puppies are often called puglets, The breed has a remarkable personality despite its small size.

History:
Bred to adorn the laps of the Chinese sovereigns during the Shang dynasty in East China, The Pug's popularity spread to Tibet, where they were mainly kept by monks, and then went onto Japan, and finally Europe
This breed may also be referred to as a "Lion Dog" or "Foo (or Fu) Dog" due to its resemblance to Chinese guardian lions just like the Pekingese dog breed from China of similar origin and resemblance to Chinese guardian lions which are considered a guardian spirit

Sixteenth and seventeenth centuries:
The breed was first imported in the late 16th and 17th centuries by merchants and crews from the Dutch East Indies Trading Company.The Pug later became the official dog of the House of Orange In 1572, a Pug saved the Prince of Orange's life by barking at an assassin.] A Pug also traveled with William III and Mary II when they left the Netherlands to ascend to the throne of England in 1688. This century also saw Pugs' popularity on the rise in other European countries. In Spain, they were painted by Goya,in Italy Pugs dressed in matching jackets and pantaloons sat by the coachmen of the rich,and in Germany and France. Pugs appear several times as footnotes to history.] Sometimes, they were used for Scent hounds. They were used by the military to track animals or people, and were also employed as the guard's dogs.

The popularity of the Pug continued to spread in France during the eighteenth century. Before her marriage at age 15 to Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette owned a Pug named Mops (the German, Dutch, Russian, Danish, Norwegian and Swedish name for the dog's breed).[citation needed] Before her marriage to Napoleon Bonaparte, Joséphine had her Pug, Fortune, carry concealed messages to her family while she was confined at Les Carmes prison. The pet was the only recipient of visiting rights.

The English painter William Hogarth owned a series of Pugs, to which he was devoted. In 1745 he painted his self-portrait together with that of his Pug, Trump, now in the Tate Gallery, London.

In nineteenth century England,
Pugs flourished under the patronage of the monarch Queen Victoria. Her many Pugs, which she bred herself, included Olga, Pedro, Minka, Fatima and Venus.Her involvement with the dogs in general helped to establish the Kennel Club, which was formed in 1873. Victoria favoured apricot and fawn Pugs, whereas the aristocrat Lady Brassey is credited with making black Pugs fashionable after she brought some back from China in 1886.

The Pug arrived in the United States during the nineteenth century,
The American Kennel Club recognized the breed in 1885 and was soon making its way into the family home and show ring. In 1981 the Pug Dhandys Favorite Woodchuck won the Westminster Kennel Club show in the United States, the only Pug to have won since the show began in 1877. The World Champion (Best in Show or BIS) at the 2004 World Dog Show held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil was a Pug, Double D Cinoblu's Masterpiece. The Crufts show in England has not had a Pug win BIS since it began in 1891

Description:
While most Pugs appearing in eighteenth century prints tended to be long and lean, modern breed preferences are for a square, cobby body, a compact form, a deep chest, and well-developed muscle.

Coat and color:
Their fine, glossy coats can be fawn, apricot, silver,black and brindle.sThe tail normally curls tightly over the hip.
Pugs of different coat types shed to varying degrees.

Temperament:
The stern expression of the Pug belies its true sense of fun. Pugs are sociable,playful, charming, clever and are known to succeed in dog obedience skills. Pugs are often referred to as the comedians of the dog world. Pugs are sensitive to the tone of a human voice, so harsh punishment is generally unnecessary. While Pugs usually get along well with other dogs and pets, they generally prefer the company of humans and perfer a great deal of human attention; they may become slightly anxious or agitated if their owner ignores them or does not play with them. In general, they are very attentive dogs, always at their owner's feet, in their lap, or following them from room to room.

Health problems:
Pugs have large, expressive eyes and a wrinkled face with a long tongue. propercareof the wrinkles is required owners normally take special care to clean inside the creases, as irritation and infection can result from improper care. It is very important that the drainage from their eyes is cleaned from .Because Pugs lack longer snouts and prominent skeletal brow ridges, they are susceptible to eye injuries such as puncture wounds and scratched corneas. Pugs also have compact breathing passageways, leaving many pugs unable to breathe properly or efficiently or their ability to regulate their temperature through evaporation from the tongue, should they be left in hot locations where cooling cannot properly take place such as cars on hot days.

Pugs living a mostly sedentary life can be prone to obesity, though this is avoidable with regular exercise and a healthy diet.

The Pug, like other short-snouted breeds, has an elongated palate. When excited, they are prone to a "reverse sneeze" where the dog will quickly, and seemingly laboriously, gasp and snort. This is caused by fluid or debris getting caught under the palate and irritating the throat or limiting breathing. "Reverse sneezing" episodes are not harmful to the Pug. Owners typically recognise this phenomenon as a pathological symptom rather than as an endearing behavioral pattern.
Pugs are one of several breeds that are more susceptible to Demodectic mange, also known as Demodex. This condition is caused by a weakened immune system, and it is a minor problem for many young Pugs. This causes pugs to catch diseases much more easily than regular dogs do. It is easily treatab

Pugs in media and culture:
The movie The Adventures of Milo and Otis is about the adventures of a pug (Otis) and his friend Milo the cat.
Men In Black and Men in Black II featured Frank the Pug.
In The Clique, Massie Block owns a black pug named Bean.
Disney's Pocahontas feature Persy, Ratcliff's pet pug.